学位辅导：2014年成人学位英语考试语法辅导

1．当先行词是everything, anything, nothing (something 除外), all, none, few,little, some等代词时，或当先行词受every, any, all, some, no, little, few,much等代词修饰时。如：Have you taken down everything that Mr. Li said?

李老师讲的你都记下来了吗？

There seems to be nothing that is impossible to him in the world.

对他来说似乎世界上没有什么不可能的事。

All that can be done has been done. 所有能做的都做好了。

There is little that I can do for you. 我不能为你干什么。

He stayed in the library and looked up any information that they needed.

他呆在图书馆查找所需的资料。.

注意：当先行词指人时，偶尔也可用关系代词who，如：

Any man that / who has a sense of duty won’t do such a thing.

任何有责任感的人都不会做这样的事。

All the guests that / who were invited to her wedding were important people. 所有应邀来参加她婚礼的客人都是重要人物。

2．当先行词被序数词修饰时。

如：The first place that they visited in London was the Big Ben.

在伦敦他们参观的第一个地方是大本钟。

3．当先行词被形容词最高级修饰时。

如：This is the best film that I have ever seen. 这是我看过的最好的电影。

4．当先行词被the very, the only修饰时。

如：This is the very dictionary that I want to buy. 这正是我要买的词典。

After the fire in his house, the old car is the only thing that he owns. 家里发生了火灾过后，那辆旧车成了他的唯一拥有。.

注意：当先行词指人时，偶尔也可用关系代词who。如：

Wang Hua is the only person in our school who will attend the meeting. 王华是我校唯一出席会议的人。

5．当先行词前面有who, which等疑问代词时。

如：Who is the man that is standing by the gate? 站在门口的那个人是谁？

Which is the T-shirt that fits me most? 哪件T恤衫最合我的身？

6．当先行词为人与动物或人与物时。

如：They talked about the persons and things that they remembered at school

他们谈论着他们所能记起的在校时的人和事。

Look at the man and his donkey that are walking up the street.

瞧瞧那个沿街走来的人和他的 毛驴。

（二）关系代词as和which 引导的定语从句

as 和which 引导非限制性定语从句时， 其用法有相同之处，也有不同之处。

1. as 和which都可以在定语从句中做主语或宾语，代表前面整个句子。如：

He married her, as / which was natural. 他跟她结婚了，这是很自然的事。

He is honest, as / which we can see. 他很诚实，这一点我们看得出来。

2. as 引导的非限制性定语从句可以放在主句之前、主句之后，甚至还可以分割主句。 which引导的非限制性定语从句只可放在主句之后。另外，as 常常有“正如、正像”的含义。如：

As is known to all, China is a developing country.

众所周知，中国是发展中国家。

He is from the south, as we can know from his accent.

他是南方人，这一点我们从他的口音可以知道。

John, as you know, is a famous writer. 正如你所知，约翰是个著名作家。

Zhang Hua has been to Paris more than ten times, which I don’t believe.

张华已去过巴黎十多次了，这一点我不相信。

注意：当主句和从句之间存在着逻辑上的因果关系时，关系词往往只用which。如：

Tom was late for school again and again, which made his teacher very angry.

汤姆老是迟到，这使得老师很恼火。.

These tables are made of metal, which made them very heavy.

这些桌子是金属的，这使得这些桌子很重。

3.当先行词受such, the same 修饰时，关系词常用as。 如：

I’ve never heard such stories as he tells. 我从未听过象他讲的这样的故事。

He is not such a fool as he looks. 他可不象他看上去的那样傻。

This is the same dictionary as I lost last week. 这部词典跟我上星期丢失的一样。